01 - Preheat oven to 400°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, baking soda, salt, and black pepper until thoroughly blended.
03 - Stir grated cheddar and chopped chives into dry mixture until evenly distributed throughout flour.
04 - Create a well in center of mixture. Pour buttermilk and melted butter into well. Mix with wooden spoon or hands until shaggy dough forms. Add additional buttermilk 1 tablespoon at a time if mixture appears too dry.
05 - Turn dough onto lightly floured surface. Gently knead just until dough comes together—avoid overworking. Shape into round loaf approximately 7 inches in diameter.
06 - Place loaf on prepared baking sheet. Cut deep X across top of loaf using sharp knife.
07 - Bake for 30–35 minutes until deeply golden brown and loaf sounds hollow when tapped on bottom.
08 - Transfer to wire rack and cool for at least 15 minutes before slicing. Serve warm or at room temperature.